Non-skid tire.



E. KEMPSHALL.

NONSKID TIRE.

APPLIGAprIoN FILED Nov. 5, 1907.

Eatented July. 20, 1909.

Figi

nNirED strains PATENT, OFFICE;

ELEAZER KEMPSHALL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO KEMPSHALL TYRE COMPANY,

or EUROPE, LinITED,

No. ceases.

or LoNDoN, ENGLAND.

NON-SKID TIRE Patented July 20, 1909.

Application led November 5, 1907. Serial No.,400,784.

To all whom tt may concern Be it known that I, ELEAZER KEMPsnALL, a citizen of the llnitcd States ol' America, and residing` at the llolel Russell, Loudon,

W. C., Eng-land, have invented certain new l and usel'ul lrnprovenieni sin Nou-Skid Tires, ol which the lollomngr is a spccihcation..

Thisinvention relates to tires l'or vehicle i whcelsand particular-lj.' to nmrsliid tires for motor propelled vehicles, cycles and the like.

lt is n'oll known that a pneun-iatic or other f rubber tire having acontinuous ilat tread surface, whchsurl'acc is approximately parallel to the road when the wheel is under load is not so apt to skid or slip sidewise as one with the usual round or cylindrical sun face, but Iit has the disadvantage that the stresses due to the load are transmitted to the sides Aof the tire near the rini which parts are subjected to considerable bending in consequence," and very soon-become weakened and beginto split or give Way all aroundthe tire near the rim. 4

The object ol the present invention is to provide a pneumatic or other rubber tire with a tread surfacev possessing the advantages of the continuous lattrcad surface, but which avoids the above mentioned disadvantages, andwhich further enables recesses or the like to be provided in the tread at intervals so that-a suction action can be set up to increase the resistanccs to sliidding.

It has already been proposed to provide recesses over the tread surface of tires hav ing an `approxiinately cylindrical surface,. but .according to the present inventionre` ce'sses are provlded in distnict studs having,r1

flat tread surfaces; it is possible to arrange that several studs are simultaneously in contact with the road surface when the 'tire is under load and owing to their configuration they can make correctS contact with the ground and insure a good grip for the tire'.

The tread surface according to the presen't invention is formed with a seriesoivcircular or polygonal ilat surfacesor studs which are supported from the normally cylindrical or like tire in such a manner"thatthey do not transmit vthe stresses'to the sides of the tire near the riin in a continuous circle,but that said stresses are distributed'over* the sides of thevtire on Waving or non-circular lines so that the tendency to forma Weakened continuous lneto split is avoided. The

Q i lat tread surfaces of the studs are preferably provided with recesses as before referred to, t but some or all ol them may be plain, grooved or figured in any desired manner.

The accompanying drawings illustrate several forms of the invention. u n

Figure l is a crosssection ol' one l'orm of tire. h aving a' series ci approximately circular studs provided with circular recesses Fig.V 2 being` a plan oi' part of a tire corresponding thereto; Fig. 3 illustrates in side elevation the lower part of a tire under load, illustrating' the manner in which several studs are l. forced into contact With the road surface shnultaneously; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of part of a tire similar to that illustratedin Figs-L 1y and 2; Figs. 5 and 6 are plans illustrating further 'forms of studs.

ln carrying out the invention according to studs, a, having llat'tread surfaces are forme on the tire. penetrate with the tire proponi; b, on noncircular or wavy lines, c, so that, the stresses are distributed over thelsides 'of thel tire and are not restricted to continuous circular lines as would be the case if azcontinuous lat tread were employed. The'lsidead, of the studs arey made of a fairly rigid nature so as to 'iirinly resist compression in order to maintain thetread surfaces of the'studa'a,

is under load and to adequately transmit the one forni are provided With circular recesses, e, which when the tire is under load as illustrated in F ig. 3, actas suctionhanibers and greatly increase the resistance of `the tire-to side slipping or skiddii'ig. arrange the'studs, a, c oseenougli together to enable threeor four of they studsto ybe in contact with the road ysinniltan'eously'when the tire is under load as illustrated in Fi 3.

The series'of studs, a,- present excelent non-skidding tread surfaces vand these surfaces kmay be provided with circular recesses,

grooved as at f, Fig. 5, or vhave a number. 'of

The studs instead of being approximately circulary as :above described, ay lie-polygonal, for instance, they may ber t approxioneiuode a series of approximately circular p s t d' 75 The studs are arranged to interstresses to the tire proper, `b. The studs in e, as before described, or they may be cells, g, as shown in the 'sa1ne `g'ure or ther surfaces mayin some casesfbe leftplam,

ilat and in coiitaetwith the road when a tire `It ispreferred to l mately hexagonal form -shown in 11g. 6, 1n

ivhieh ease the tread surfaces may have circular recesses,

e, hexagonal recesses, z, or?

right angles to a horizontal line drawnf` through the center of the tire. The purpose of this construction is to prevent spreading and consequent breaking of the material from which the tire load pressure is applied.

H aving now described my invention, what I claim as 'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent iszc 1. ,l tubular tire, comprising` a bod)v portion formed on its outer edge with a plurality of projections formed in their center portions with depressions, the inner walls of the depressions being zontal line drawn through the centel ol' the tire, the outer sides of the'projeetions being slightly inclined toward eaeh other and merging into the side walls oi' the body of the tire on non-circula r lines, the edges ofthe projections adjacent the depressions being is constructed, When5 i horizontal hne drawn i the tire, the outer sides oi' the through the tire, the projeetions being con` neeted by ridges the outer Walls of which are at right angles to a line drawn through the center of the tire, the bod) portion. projections and ribs being formed in one piece.

2. A tubular tire comprising a body portion formed on its outer edge with a plurality of projections formed in their renters with a pluralit of depressions at right angles to a through the center ol projeetions being slightly inclined toward each other and merging into the side walls of the body of the tire on non-circular lines, the projections eing connected by ridges, the outer walls of which are at. right angles to a line drawn i through the center of the tire.

at right ngles to a horif ln testimonv whereof I have signed in v l name to this specilication in the presenee ol' substantially parallel With a line drawnf two subscribing Witnesses.

' ELEAZER KEMPSHALL. W1' tnesses:

A.. Marius, B. H. MATTnisws. 

